Two DAY
SEMINAR
Introduction
to Measurements and Calibration
Rev. 2
PURPOSE OF SEMINAR:
The purpose of this course is to introduce the calibration technician and other
metrology personnel including machine operators, quality inspectors, managers,
quality technicians, and engineers to
the field of metrology. Metrology vocabulary,
principles, domains, concepts, and processes are discussed.
DAY 1
I. Introduction to
Measurements, Fundamental & Derived Units
A. Introduction to Metrology
Need for measurements
Importance of
Calibration
Early measurements and
metric system
B. Principles of Metrology
7 Fundamental SI Units –
Length, Mass, Time, Electric Current,
Thermodynamic temperature, Luminous intensity, Amount of
substance
Derived Units – Examples
(resistance, capacitance, pressure, etc.)
Prefixes and Multipliers (use of milli, micro, nano, etc.)
Measurement Terms: True Value, Accuracy, Precision, Resolution, and
Bias
Traceability – What is
it? Relation to NIST.
II. Dimensional
Standards, Measurements, Calibration
Micrometers, scales & rules, squares, protractor,
calipers, depth gage
Standards - gage blocks
III. Physical
Metrology Terminology, Instruments, Calibration
A. Types of Measurements
B. Calibration
Physical standards
IV. Thermodynamic
Temperature Devices
A. Types of Measuring Instruments
General applications of glass thermometers,
thermocouples,
thermistors, PRT, pyrometers
B. Introduction to Temperature Calibration Principles
DAY 2
V. Electrical
Metrology
A. ELECTRICAL METROLOGY
Metric prefixes
Basic electrical units –
volt, ampere, ohm
Analog vs. Digital
measurements
Classical types of
errors
Electrical
calibration – Application of Derived units
Noise and
grounding
VI. Standards
Organizations and Document Standards
A. STANDARDS ORGANIZATIONS
ISO, IEC, ANSI,
ISA, PMA, NCSL, DOD
B. Documented Standards
ANSI/NCSL Z540-1-1994
ISO/IEC 17025
Laboratory Accreditation
Accrediting Organizations
VII. Calibration
Systems
A. Calibration procedures
B. Calibration methods
C. Calibration practices and
regulations
D. Calibration environments
E. Calibration processes (includes
establishing calibration intervals)
F. Document control
VIII. Measurement
Uncertainty
A. Statistics and measurements
B. Types of distributions – normal,
rectangular, triangular, U shaped
C. Type A and Type B Uncertainty, Combined & Expanded Uncertainty
D. What is GUM?
E. Factors that introduce errors
into measurements
F. What is an Uncertainty Budget?